短程反硝化耦合厌氧氨氧化工艺及其应用前景研究进展

短程反硝化以其碳源消耗量、废污泥产量、温室气体排量极低及无需曝气等优势，被认为是最具研究潜势的厌氧氨氧化底物供给技术，成为近年来研究热点。本文首先介绍了短程反硝化工艺原理；其次从污泥源、反应时间、碳源类型、碳源量及pH等5个方面总结了影响短程反硝化工艺启动因素；随后综述了短程反硝化耦合厌氧氨氧化工艺的重要研究进展，同时指出了耦合工艺实验研究与工程应用的不足，并提出了解决实验与工程应用缺陷的方案；最后展望了耦合工艺处理城市污水和工业硝酸盐废水的可行性及应用前景，认为全面分析工业硝酸盐废水化学组分与基于分子生物学水平的宏基因组学测序、元转录组学技术是未来耦合工艺同步处理城市污水和工业硝酸盐废水的研究重点。     

电永磁吸盘在石油套管接箍切断机下料工序中的应用

针对石油套管生产过程中接箍切断岗位人员搬运接箍劳动强度大、存在安全隐患的问题，对生产工艺过程、电磁吸盘的原理和性能进行分析，采用电永磁吸盘设计了一种接箍自动下料装置。该装置可以根据设定进行电磁吸盘的充/退磁，实现整层接箍的抓取和卸料，整个过程实现一键自动下料，全程不需人工干预。现场生产应用表明，使用电永磁吸盘进行整层接箍下料，能大幅降低岗位员工的劳动强度，生产效率提高5%以上，减少了安全隐患，达到了预期目的。     

A broadband filter with two transmission zeros adopting a new design method

A new design method was proposed in this article to insert transmission zeros in the broadband filters. In this method, the coupling line was connected to a certain position on the resonator. And then the coupling strength was adjusted by the connecting position. The open end of the resonator was hung and then the cross‐coupling was introduced to realize transmission zeros. This coupling method could add an adjustable parameter to improve the freedom of design and convenient to insert the transmission zeros. To verify this method, a highly selective coupled‐line microstrip filter with two transmission zeros was designed, fabricated, and measured. The measured results were in good agreement with the simulated ones. The return and insertion losses of the broadband filter were better than 18 and 2 dB, respectively. The relative bandwidth of the filter (FBW) was more than 68%. The rectangular coefficient (30 dB:1 dB) was less than 1.21.     

偶联剂对PLA/PBAT/WF复合材料3D打印性能的影响

以聚乳酸（PLA）和聚己二酸/对苯二甲酸丁二酯（PBAT）为基体，杨木粉（WF）为填充增强材料，使用混炼机熔融共混制备PLA/PBAT/WF复合材料，采用熔融沉积成型（FDM）技术制备标准实验试样，通过扫描电子显微镜、红外光谱分析、旋转流变测试以及力学试验等方法，研究不同含量的硅烷偶联剂KH550对PLA/PBAT共混物以及PLA/PBAT/WF的相容性、流变性及力学性能的影响。结果表明，在偶联剂用量为3 %（质量分数，下同）时，拉伸强度提高了136 %；偶联剂KH550与 PLA和PBAT共价键偶联生成接枝聚合物，二者相容性得到提高；同时偶联剂与WF表面羟基发生缩聚反应有效的改善了其与PLA/PBAT的基体相容性，PLA/PBAT/WF复合材料的FDM的制件力学性能得到较大提升；复合材料的黏度随偶联剂含量的增加呈下降的趋势，含量为3 %时线材的综合打印性能及制品质量最佳。     

H2-based synthetic fuels: A techno-economic comparison of alcohol,ether and hydrocarbon production

Electricity-based fuels are one promising option to achieve the transition of the energy system, and especially the transport sector, in order to minimize the role of fossil energy carriers. One major problem is the lacking compatibility between different techno-economic assessments, such that recommendations regarding the most promising Power-to-Fuel technology are difficult to make. This work provides a technically sound comparison of various Power-to-Fuel options regarding technological maturity and efficiency, as well as cost. The investigated options include methanol, ethanol, butanol, octanol, DME, OME_3-5 and hydrocarbons. To guarantee the comparability, all necessary chemical plants were designed in Aspen Plus® to determine material and energy consumption, as well as investment costs within the same boundary conditions and assumptions in all simulations and calculations. Individual technical aspects of the various synthesis routes, as well as their advantages and disadvantages, are highlighted.With an assumed electrolysis efficiency of 70% and considering the energy demand for the CO₂ supply and the energy and operating material demand of the chemical plants, depending on the selected electrofuel, 30–60% of the primary energy in renewable electricity can be stored in the lower heating value of the electrofuel. In the presented results, the costs of H₂ supply are responsible for 58–83% of the total manufacturing costs and thus have the greatest potential to reduce the latter. For the base case (4.6 €/kg_H2), various electrofuels will have costs of manufacturing of between 1.85 and 3.96 €/l_DE, with DME being the cheapest.     

三稳态压电能量采集器的动态特性与实验

为了探究三稳态压电振动能量采集器的动力学特性,以磁-机-压电耦合型三稳态压电振动能量采集器(tristable piezoelectric vibration energy harvester,简称TPVEH)为研究对象,利用磁荷法、力平衡和基尔霍夫定律分别建立了采集器末端磁铁与外部磁铁之间的非线性磁力模型和系统集总参数动力学模型。仿真分析了磁铁间距、激励加速度幅值和频率等参数对采集器动力学特性和采集电压的影响。研制了三稳态压电振动能量采集器原理样机,搭建了实验测试平台,实验验证了仿真结果的正确性。研究结果表明,随着激励加速度幅值增大,能量采集器依次经历单稳态、双稳态和三稳态3种运动状态,且三稳态运动时的工作频带和输出性能(位移、速度和采集电压)比双稳态和单稳态时要高。     

单相并联型有源电力滤波器主电路参数耦合关系研究

单相并联型有源电力滤波器(SAPF)主电路参数之间存在一定的耦合关系,这对各参数值的合理选择有较大的影响。通过分析现有单/三相SAPF主电路交流侧电感以及直流侧电压、电容值等参数的计算方法,得到了具体的单相SAPF电路参数解析表达式。针对所得表达式各变量之间的耦合关系,在MATLAB中进行建模优化分析,得出一套完整的参数设计方案。保证在特定负载下补偿后谐波含量低于2%的综合优化目标。仿真和实验过程验证了所选参数的正确性。     

基于流固耦合的柱面气膜密封支撑结构性能研究

利用流固耦合分析方法,研究一种波箔结构柔性支撑柱面气膜密封,探讨气膜厚度、浮环与转子的偏心率以及柔性支撑结构的泊松比、弹性模量、波箔数量等参数对支撑结构等效应力及变形量的影响。结果表明:柔性支承结构满足柱面气膜密封的正常运作,不会造成因为气膜刚度过大而使得浮环与波箔发生破坏性变形,并且变形量远小于波箔高度;柔性支撑的等效应力和变形量随平均气膜厚度的增大而减小,随偏心率的增加而增大,随支撑材料泊松比的增大而增大;弹性模量的增加并不影响柔性支撑结构的等效应力,但是会使变形量减小;增加波箔数量,柔性支撑的等效应力略有减小,变形量显著减小。     

BHDDF350型联轴器失效分析及改进设计

联轴器在旋转过程中连续传递扭矩且具备一定缓冲和减振的保护作用,而又不改变初始旋转方向和扭矩大小,BHDDF350型联轴器是某型矿用减速机与电机之间的扭矩传动部件。从该型联轴器的运行工况、结构分布、损坏形式等方面查找并分析了其失效原因,依据其受力分析提出了改进型设计方案,以供业内参考。改进设计后的联轴器,弹性块受力均匀,且最大受力降比30%以上,可有效延长联轴器的整体使用寿命,减少了煤矿井下日常的维护工作量。     

方腔内耦合传热传质非对称流动数值模拟

对带有质热源的方腔内流体传热传质进行数值研究。针对不同Ra、Nc、Sr和Df，探究对称方腔内流体传热传质的分岔特性。结果表明：存在临界Ra_c使流体流动形态发生转变，当Ra<Ra_c时，流体流线、温度场和浓度场对称分布；当Ra>Ra_c时，流体发生偏斜。增大浮升力，流体更易发生分岔现象。增强Soret和Dufour效应可增强传热对称性并增大流体发生分岔的临界Rayleigh数。